During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the proportion of steel structure steel production in China hovered at 5%-6%, and the proportion of steel structure in large and wide residential buildings and small and medium-span bridges was less than 1%, far lower than the level of 20%-30% in developed countries. At the 2016 China Steel Structure Development Summit Forum held on the 26th, this is a group of numbers repeatedly mentioned by academicians and experts attending the meeting.
As a world steel country, accompanied by the world's first steel production ranking for more than ten consecutive years, is the more serious overcapacity of China's steel industry. "Taking the heavy steel group as an example, in the past three years, its actual production capacity has only accounted for half of the designed capacity." Zhou Xuhong, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, pointed out in the report.
It can not only focus on the field of green building, but also solve a large number of steel production capacity, the steel structure industry in the construction and steel industry "Rendu two veins" (two meridians involving longevity), but also face from engineering applications to market promotion of various shackles.
"We should strengthen the top-level design and strategic layout, support leading enterprises and industrial alliances, and drive related industries with steel structures." Yue Qingrui, president of the China Steel Structure Association, director of the National Steel Structure Engineering Technology Research Center and president of the China Metallurgical Construction Research Institute, believes that vigorously promoting the supply-side reform of the steel structure industry is a "good recipe" to resolve the overcapacity of the steel industry and the green transformation of the construction industry.
Driving the transition to green buildings, "the market alone will not work"
"It consumes 1.2 billion tons of cement, 600 million tons of limestone every year, about 5.5 billion tons of natural sand and gravel, and about 84 billion cubic meters of water." Zhou Xuhong pointed out that China's construction industry has always been a high resource consumption and labor-intensive industry, the production and construction process is relatively extensive, and the waste of resources is very serious, "and the harmful emissions of the steel structure construction process are only equivalent to about 65% of the concrete structure." ”
Different from the traditional construction mode, the steel structure transforms the mode of cast-in-place of workers into standardized design, factory production, and assembly construction, which not only has less environmental emissions, but also recycling, which is the best way to realize the industrialization of construction. In the view of Academician Shen Zuyan of Tongji University, the future construction industry should achieve the coordinated development of green, industrialization and informatization "trinity", and a large number of green environmental protection, recyclable, good seismic performance, light weight and high degree of assembly of steel structures are the inevitable trend of the development of the construction industry.
At present, China's steel structure industry has a complete industrial chain from research and development, design to manufacturing, installation, more than 3,000 steel structure manufacturing enterprises above the scale, however, the development of steel structure industry is not smooth sailing.
"The motivation of the owners is not high, and the construction and design units are often not very motivated." Academician Nie Jianguo, who often goes to the construction site to investigate, has a deep understanding of various obstacles in the industrialization of steel structures. "Markets alone won't work." In Yue Qingrui's view, in addition to some of the limitations of the shortage of technology and talents in the steel structure industry itself, the contradiction between the market and the regulatory level is particularly prominent, and the reason is that "the reallocation of resources will increase short-term additional costs, and developer-centered builders and participants in the entire industry chain are not willing to change the existing management habits and vested interests", so the overall optimization of the government level and the promotion of social forces are particularly necessary.
To resolve steel overcapacity, government and enterprise research need to work together to break through "intestinal obstruction"
"The annual production capacity of millions of tons is expected to be digested on the spot, and it can also create marginal benefits in design, construction, assembly, logistics and other links, which can be described as '''killing two birds with one stone'." Not long ago, some media commented on the "Chongqing Steel Structure Industry Co., Ltd." that Heavy Steel had just led the establishment. At present, de-capacity and de-inventory have become the top priority of steel industry reform, and the heavy steel aimed at the downstream steel structure industry is providing a wonderful example for the supply-side reform of steel enterprises.
Steel structure buildings have the unique advantages of green environmental protection, recyclability and good seismic performance, and have significant characteristics such as green building and industrialization in their whole life cycle. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" is a key decisive stage for building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and the wide application of steel structures in the construction field can play an important role in accelerating the construction of new urbanization, promoting the sustainable development of green buildings, promoting industrial restructuring, and resolving overcapacity. However, in terms of steel structure application and industrialization, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries, and there is still a development bottleneck. To this end, the Chinese Academy of Engineering has successively carried out a number of consulting and research projects such as "Consulting Research on Industrialization of Steel Structure Housing", "Research on Development Strategy of High-performance Sustainable Structure Engineering", "New Structure of Urban and Rural Residential Buildings and Its Industrialization", in order to propose corresponding countermeasures and solutions. At the critical moment of steel structure development, the Department of Civil Engineering, Water Conservancy and Architecture of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, China Steel Construction Association, and the National Steel Structure Engineering Technology Research Center organized relevant academician experts, entrepreneurs and government leaders to hold the "2016 China Steel Structure Development Summit Forum" in Beijing on January 26, 2016, and after discussion, the consensus was as follows:
1. Overall development route and goals
In accordance with the development concept of "innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing", strengthen the supply-side structural reform of steel structures, adhere to innovation-driven, focus on solving the bottleneck that restricts the development of steel structures, promote the rapid development of steel structure buildings, and strive to achieve great development in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan".
2. Specific measures and recommendations
1. Strengthen the top-level design and strategic layout, give play to the leading and exemplary role of the government in cultivating the steel structure market, improve policy support and strengthen supervision
(1) The State Council has established a joint coordination agency for steel structure development to coordinate the development of steel, construction, real estate, equipment manufacturing and building materials industries.
(2) Vigorously develop steel structure as an important task of energy conservation and environmental protection strategic emerging industry to provide policy support, set up national and provincial steel structure development funds, and give financial support for the promotion and application of steel structure.
(3) Establish an assessment and supervision mechanism to encourage the use of steel structures in government-led affordable housing, shantytown reform projects, and government-invested municipal and infrastructure-related projects.
(4) All provinces and cities combine the actual conditions of their regions to formulate special policies for the application of steel structures in terms of special funds, financial subsidies, tax incentives, financial services, land use guarantees, administrative licenses, etc., and encourage enterprises and developers to give priority to the use of steel structures.
(5) Improve the quality and safety supervision system, set up a national steel structure quality supervision and inspection center, and carry out steel structure product certification.